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Australia

With a very hot climate and limited rainfall, the imported wines were initially hard to grow when introduced to Australia in the 19th century and when finally successful, growers came up against the international disaster that was Phylloxera. Soon after however the Australian wine industry began to make huge progress. Australian vineyards flourished after the Second World War and thanks to improvements in grape choices, technology and irrigation they were producing outstanding wines by the end of the 20th century. With vineyards near the sea and subject to strong sunshine and low humidity, grapes here grow in ideal climates to produce wines of exceptional quality.

The principal grape varieties here are Chardonnay for the whites and Shiraz, a new world term for Syrah, for the reds, alongside Merlot, Cabernet Sauvignon and other foreign grapes. The main Australian wine-growing regions are South and West Australia, Victoria and New South Wales. Australian fine wines have received much praise over the last twenty to thirty years especially in South Australia where McLaren Vale and the Barossa Valley boast outstanding fine wines.

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